介绍
我们已经完成了一半的课程!祝贺你在重塑你的数学教学中发挥了如此积极的作用。相信我,当我告诉你你的学生会注意到你的努力时,当需要弄清楚哪列火车在哪里、何时以及多快时,这一切都会得到回报!
今天,我们将通过深入研究分数来继续我们的模型绘图之旅。与往常一样,我们将从简单的问题开始,然后逐步解决更复杂的问题。分数问题常常让孩子们感到困惑,仅仅是因为很难想象像一天的 5/7 或糖果棒的 3/8 这样的抽象数量。
好消息是分数与“倍数”乘法问题和比率有关,因此成为一个领域的熟练问题解决者可以巩固其他应用问题的成功。在我们开始之前,让我们看一下一些建议,以防止分数问题变得过于混乱。这些是分数模型绘制的黄金法则。
分数问题为我们设置单位条的方式提供了独特的选择。一种方法是绘制一个长的单位条(就像我们在除法中所做的那样)并将其分割以反映分数部分。另一种方法是识别变量(整体的部分)并为每个变量绘制单独的单位条。

明白了吗?这些选择很棒,它们让学生有机会做对他们最有意义的事情,但它们也会引起混乱。这里的信息是,“提供一点指导和大量练习!”
当您在分数应用题中看到单词 剩余 或 剩余 时,请画一个长的单位条,因为您很可能会将剩余部分放入一个新的单位条集合中。这是一个带有余数的示例问题。在 ABC Cookie Company,300 名面包师中有 3/5 制作了糖饼干。剩下的 2/3 的面包师做了姜饼。如果其他人做巧克力曲奇,有多少人做巧克力曲奇?
在这里,我们需要一个长的单位条,我们可以将其分成小数部分。

对于分数问题,我们开始在计算中使用单词 单位 (缩写为 u )。然后我们专注于寻找基本单位,或者 1u 等于什么。
既然你已经知道分数规则的精髓了,让我们开始解决一些有趣的问题吧。
Problem 1
In the 4th grade, 3/7 of the students are boys. If there are 36 girls in 4th grade, how many students are there altogether?
Problem 2
In the 6th grade, 5/8 of the students are girls. If there are 200 girls, how many students are there altogether?
Problem 3
After spending 1/4 of his money, Frankie had $13.50 left. How much money did he have at first?
Problem 4
Elizabeth spent 1/3 of her money on a purse. This left her with $120.00. How much money did Elizabeth have to begin with?
Problem 5
At Kenwood Middle School, 3/5 of the 570 students were 4thgraders. 2/3 of the remaining students were 5th-graders. If the rest were 6th-graders, how many 6th-graders were there?
Problem 6
Kiley had 1,200 markers. 2/6 of them were red, 3/6 of them were green, and 1/5 of the remaining amount was blue. The rest of the remaining markers were purple. How many purple markers were there?
Problem 7
Luke sold 2/7 of his magazines last week and the rest of them this week. If he sold 30 magazines last week, how many magazines did he
sell this week?